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应用地球物理  2014, Vol. 11 Issue (4): 459-467    DOI: 10.1007/s11770-014-0459-8
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非稳态地震稀疏约束反褶积研究
孙学凯1,2,孙赞东1,2,谢会文3
1. 中国石油大学(北京)地质与地球物理综合研究中心,北京 102249
2. 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249
3. 中国石油塔里木油田公司,库尔勒 841000
Nonstationary sparsity-constrained seismic deconvolution
Sun Xue-Kai1,2, Sam Zandong Sun1,2, and Xie Hui-Wen3
1. Lab for integration of Geology and Geophysics, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249.
2. State Key Lab for Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Beijing 102249.
3. Tarim Oilfield Company (CNPC), Korla 841000, China.
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摘要 传统Robinson褶积模型主要受缚于三种不合理的假设,即白噪反射系数、最小相位地震子波与稳态假设,而现代反射系数反演方法(如稀疏约束反褶积等)均在前两个假设上寻求突破的同时却忽视了一个重要事实:实际地震信号具有典型的非稳态特征,这直接冲击着反射系数反演中地震子波不随时间变化的这一基础性假设。本文首先通过实际反射系数测试证实,非稳态效应造成重要信息无法得到有效展现,且对深层影响尤为严重。为校正非稳态影响,本文从描述非稳态方面具有普适性的非稳态褶积模型出发,借助对数域的衰减曲线指导检测非稳态影响并以此实现对非稳态均衡与校正。与常规不同,本文利用对数域Gabor反褶积仅移除非稳态影响,而将分离震源子波和反射系数的任务交给具有更符合实际条件的稀疏约束反褶积处理,因此结合两种反褶积技术即可有效解决非稳态特征影响,又能避免反射系数和地震子波理想化假设的不利影响。海上地震资料的应用实际表明,校正非稳态影响有助于恢复更丰富的反射系数信息,使得与地质沉积和构造相关的细节特征得到更加清晰的展现。
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孙学凯
孙赞东
谢会文
关键词非稳态   稀疏约束   波阻抗约束   Gabor反褶积   对数时频域     
Abstract: 传统Robinson褶积模型主要受缚于三种不合理的假设,即白噪反射系数、最小相位地震子波与稳态假设,而现代反射系数反演方法(如稀疏约束反褶积等)均在前两个假设上寻求突破的同时却忽视了一个重要事实:实际地震信号具有典型的非稳态特征,这直接冲击着反射系数反演中地震子波不随时间变化的这一基础性假设。本文首先通过实际反射系数测试证实,非稳态效应造成重要信息无法得到有效展现,且对深层影响尤为严重。为校正非稳态影响,本文从描述非稳态方面具有普适性的非稳态褶积模型出发,借助对数域的衰减曲线指导检测非稳态影响并以此实现对非稳态均衡与校正。与常规不同,本文利用对数域Gabor反褶积仅移除非稳态影响,而将分离震源子波和反射系数的任务交给具有更符合实际条件的稀疏约束反褶积处理,因此结合两种反褶积技术即可有效解决非稳态特征影响,又能避免反射系数和地震子波理想化假设的不利影响。海上地震资料的应用实际表明,校正非稳态影响有助于恢复更丰富的反射系数信息,使得与地质沉积和构造相关的细节特征得到更加清晰的展现。
Key words非稳态   稀疏约束   波阻抗约束   Gabor反褶积   对数时频域   
收稿日期: 2013-10-20;
基金资助:

本研究由国家重点基础研究规划“973”项目(编号:2011CB201103)和国家科技重大专项(编号:2011ZX05004003)资助。

引用本文:   
孙学凯,孙赞东,谢会文. 非稳态地震稀疏约束反褶积研究[J]. 应用地球物理, 2014, 11(4): 459-467.
SUN Xue-Kai,SUN Zan-Dong,XIE Hui-Wen. Nonstationary sparsity-constrained seismic deconvolution[J]. APPLIED GEOPHYSICS, 2014, 11(4): 459-467.
 
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