Abstract The propagation of seismic waves in viscous media, such as the loess plateau and shallow gas regions, alters their amplitude, frequency, and phase due to absorption attenuation, resulting in reductions in the resolution and fidelity of seismic profiles and the inaccurate identification of subtle structure and lithology. Q modeling and Q migration techniques proposed in this paper are used to compensate for the energy and frequency attenuation of seismic waves, obtain high-quality depth imaging results, and further enhance structural imaging to address the aforementioned problem. First, various prior information is utilized to construct an initial Q model. Q tomography techniques are employed to further optimize the precision of the
initial Q model and build a high-precision Q model. Subsequently, Q prestack depth migration technology is employed to compensate for absorption and attenuation in the three-dimensional space along the seismic wave propagation path and correct the travel times, realizing the purposes of amplitude compensation, frequency recovery, and phase correction, which can help improve the wave group characteristics while enhancing the resolution. Model data and practical application results demonstrate that high-precision Q modeling and Q migration techniques can substantially improve the imaging quality of underground structures and formations in the loess plateau region with extremely complex surface and near-surface conditions. The resolution and fidelity of seismic data, as well as the capability to identify reservoirs, can be improved using these techniques.
Fund: This work was supported by the China National Offshore Oil Corporation’s “14th Five-Year Plan” major scientific and technological project, “Key Technologies for Onshore Unconventional Natural Gas Exploration and Development”(KJGG2021-1000).
Corresponding Authors: Ge Yong(Email: geyong@geotarget.cn).
E-mail: geyong@geotarget.cn
About author: First author: Xu Wei, a geophysical engineer, obtained his master’s degree in Earth Exploration and Information Technology from China University of Geosciences (Beijing) in 2012. He is currently working at CNOOC Coalbed Methane Co., Ltd. and is mainly engaged in seismic processing, structural interpretation, reservoir prediction, and other research (xuwei9@cnooc. com.cn).
Corresponding author: Ge Yong, a senior geophysicist,graduated from Changchun Geological College (now Jilin University) in 1994 with a master’s degree in geophysics. He is currently serving as Executive Vice President of Beijing Tianan Ruida Technology Development Co., Ltd., specializing in marine seismic data processing and related new technology research. (geyong@geotarget.cn)
Cite this article:
. High-precision Q modeling and Q migration technology and its applications in loess plateau regions[J]. APPLIED GEOPHYSICS, 2024, 21(4): 835-847.
2024, Vol. 21 
