Improving the resolution of seismic traces based on the secondary time–frequency spectrum
Wang De-Ying1,2,3, Huang Jian-Ping1, Kong Xue4, Li Zhen-Chun1, and Wang Jiao1
1. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
2. Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station, BGP, CNPC, Zhuozhou 072751, China.
3. College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
4. College of Petroleum Engineering Shengli College China University of Petroleum, Dongying 257061, China.
Abstract：
The resolution of seismic data is critical to seismic data processing and the subsequent interpretation of fine structures. In conventional resolution improvement methods, the seismic data is assumed stationary and the noise level not changes with space, whereas the actual situation does not satisfy this assumption, so that results after resolution improvement processing is not up to the expected effect. To solve these problems, we propose a seismic resolution improvement method based on the secondary time–frequency spectrum. First, we propose the secondary time-frequency spectrum based on S transform (ST) and discuss the reflection coefficient sequence and time-dependent wavelet in the secondary time–frequency spectrum. Second, using the secondary time–frequency spectrum, we design a two-dimensional filter to extract the amplitude spectrum of the time-dependent wavelet. Then, we discuss the improvement of the resolution operator in noisy environments and propose a novel approach for determining the broad frequency range of the resolution operator in the time–frequency–space domain. Finally, we apply the proposed method to synthetic and real data and compare the results of the traditional spectrum-modeling deconvolution and Q compensation method. The results suggest that the proposed method does not need to estimate the Q value and the resolution is not limited by the bandwidth of the source. Thus, the resolution of the seismic data is improved sufficiently based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
. Improving the resolution of seismic traces based on the secondary time–frequency spectrum[J]. APPLIED GEOPHYSICS, 2017, 14(2): 236-246.
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2017, Vol. 14 
