摘要 地下储气库是国家能源战略储备的重要保障，其气藏分布的监测却一直面临挑战。时移微重力监测技术可根据不同时间的密度变化，推断物质的运移规律，模拟结果表明，该技术可为储气库的动态监测提供有力支撑。但在处理时移微重力数据的过程中，需利用场分离技术获得目标体的重力异常。为获得更准确、稳定的场分离结果，本文利用位场数据中区域场的低秩性和局部场的稀疏性，采用基于鲁棒主成分分析（Robust Principal Component Analysis，RPCA）的方法进行场分离处理。在Y21储气库的注气过程研究中，微重力测量及处理结果表明，储气库内天然气富集区呈近环状位于构造高点部位，与地质构造特征基本吻合。受边界断层影响，根据时移微重力结果推断地下水向构造高点部位运移，天然气主要向西南方向运移，揭示了该储气库注气过程中地下流体的运移方向。
Abstract：
Underground gas storage (UGS) are an important guarantee for national energy strategic reserves,but the monitoring of gas reservoir distribution has always faced challenges. Time-lapse microgravity monitoring technology can infer the movement patterns of substances based on density changes at different times. Simulation results indicate that this technology provides strong support for the dynamic monitoring of UGS. However, in the process of processing time-lapse microgravity data, it is necessary to use field separation technology to obtain the gravity anomaly of the target body. In order to obtain more accurate and stable fi eld separation results, this paper utilizes the low-rank nature of the regional fi eld and the sparsity of the local fi eld in potential field data, and adopts a method based on Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) for fi eld separation processing. In the study of the gas injection process in the Y21 UGS, microgravity measurement and processing results show that the areas with enriched natural gas in the UGS are approximately annular and located in the structural high-point areas, which basically match the geological structural characteristics.Due to the presence of boundary faults, according to the results of time-lapse microgravity, it is inferred that groundwater moves towards the structural high-point areas, and natural gas mainly moves towards the southwest direction, providing the direction of underground fluid movement during the gas injection process in the UGS.
作者简介: Xiang Peng, Senior Engineer, obtained his Ph.D. in Geological Resources and Geological Engineering from China University of Petroleum (East China) in 2009. He conducted postdoctoral research at Sinopec from 2012 to 2015. Currently, he is employed at the Exploration and Development Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, focusing on the research of geophysical exploration methods, theories, and applications in gravity, magnetism, and electromagnetism.
. Time-lapse microgravity monitoring technology for underground gas storage and application based on Robust Principal Component Analysis[J]. APPLIED GEOPHYSICS, 2025, 22(3): 770-783.
2025, Vol. 22 
